CH10StudyGuide-Tagged.pdf

Chapter 10: Opiates

Key Termsanalgesia: Pain relief produced without a loss of consciousness.

heroin: A drug produced by chemically processing morphine. It is more potent than morphine and has become the major opiate drug of harmful use.

naloxone: A short-acting opiate antagonist.

opium: The dried sap produced by the poppy plant.

True or False Questions Answer Key1. Opium comes from the plant Cannabis sativa.FALSE. Opium comes from the poppy plant Papaver somniferum.2. Morphine is one of the active ingredients in opium.TRUE. Morphine and codeine are chemicals directly derived from opium.3. Heroin was first made illegal by the 1965 Drug Abuse Control Amendment.FALSE. All opiates were brought under legal control by the 1914 Harrison Narcotics Tax Act.4. As of December 2020, not more than 100,000 Americans have died from opiate overdose or dependence.FALSE. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicate that over 400,000 Americans have died from opiate overdose or dependence as of December 2020.5. Fentanyl and its analog compounds are less potent than pure heroin.FALSE. Fentanyl and fentanyl analogs range from ten to hundreds of times more potent than pure heroin. Thus, the risk of overdose is greater.6. The opiates are among the most powerful analgesic drugs.TRUE. The principal medical use for opiates is to relieve pain.7. Heroin enhances sexual desire and activity.FALSE. Heroin inhibits sexual arousal.8. Heroin dependence is a factor of physical withdrawal symptoms, lifestyle, and social environment.TRUE. Heroin dependence is complex. Factors of physical withdrawal symptoms, lifestyle, andsocial environment all interact to influence the development and maintenance of heroindependence.9. Heroin withdrawal is much like alcohol withdrawal.FALSE. Opiate withdrawal does not include delirium tremens but rather is characterized by flu and cold symptoms.10. Veterans of the Vietnam War had a high rate of heroin dependence and were unable to kick the habit when they returned to the United States.FALSE. Most veterans were able to quit using heroin when they returned to their home environment.11. The effects of opiates are synergistic with those of alcohol.TRUE. Alcohol and other depressant drugs act synergistically with heroin and other opiates, and these combinations are often fatal.

Chapter 10: Opiates

12. The expression “cold turkey” comes from the “goose bumps” seen in those suffering from heroin withdrawal.TRUE. The resemblance is thought to be the basis for that expression.